Hướng dẫn dùng sprintf trong PHP

Possible format values:

• %% - Returns a percent sign
• %b - Binary number
• %c - The character according to the ASCII value
• %d - Signed decimal number [negative, zero or positive]
• %e - Scientific notation using a lowercase [e.g. 1.2e+2]
• %E - Scientific notation using a uppercase [e.g. 1.2E+2]
• %u - Unsigned decimal number [equal to or greather than zero]
• %f - Floating-point number [local settings aware]
• %F - Floating-point number [not local settings aware]
• %g - shorter of %e and %f
• %G - shorter of %E and %f
• %o - Octal number
• %s - String
• %x - Hexadecimal number [lowercase letters]
• %X - Hexadecimal number [uppercase letters]

Additional format values. These are placed between the % and the letter [example %.2f]:

• + [Forces both + and - in front of numbers. By default, only negative numbers are marked]
• ' [Specifies what to use as padding. Default is space. Must be used together with the width specifier. Example: %'x20s [this uses "x" as padding]
• - [Left-justifies the variable value]
• [0-9] [Specifies the minimum width held of to the variable value]
• .[0-9] [Specifies the number of decimal digits or maximum string length]

Note: If multiple additional format values are used, they must be in the same order as above.