Bạn có thể download file [File ảnh, File text, …] từ 1 đường dẫn trên web sử dụng thư viện urllib của Python 3.
Đoạn source code Python 3 như sau:
import urllib import os output_dir = '/tmp' image_url = '//vinasupport.com/assets/img/vinasupport_logo.png' # Make output directory if not exist if not os.path.exists[output_dir]: os.makedirs[output_dir] # save path image_save_path = output_dir + '/' + os.path.basename[image_url] # Download file from url urllib.request.urlretrieve[image, image_save_path] print[image_save_path]
Trong ví dụ trên, mình thực hiện download file ảnh có đường dẫn là: //vinasupport.com/assets/img/vinasupport_logo.png
Và lưu nó xuống dường dẫn trên server /tmp/vinasupport_logo.png
Một cách khác là sử dụng thư viện requests
Đầu tiên cài đặt requests thông qua trình quản lý module / packages của Python 3
pip install requests
Sử dụng requests để download file:
from requests import get # to make GET request def download[url, file_name]: # open in binary mode with open[file_name, "wb"] as file: # get request response = get[url] # write to file file.write[response.content]
Nguồn: vinasupport.com
Python provides different modules like urllib, requests etc to download files from the web. I am going to use the request library of python to efficiently download files from the URLs.
Let’s start a look at step by step procedure to download files using URLs using request library−
1. Import module
import requests
2. Get the link or url
url = '//www.facebook.com/favicon.ico' r = requests.get[url, allow_redirects=True]
3. Save the content with name.
open['facebook.ico', 'wb'].write[r.content]
save the file as facebook.ico.
Example
import requests url = '//www.facebook.com/favicon.ico' r = requests.get[url, allow_redirects=True] open['facebook.ico', 'wb'].write[r.content]
Result
We can see the file is downloaded[icon] in our current working directory.
But we may need to download different kind of files like image, text, video etc from the web. So let’s first get the type of data the url is linking to−
>>> r = requests.get[url, allow_redirects=True] >>> print[r.headers.get['content-type']] image/png
However, there is a smarter way, which involved just fetching the headers of a url before actually downloading it. This allows us to skip downloading files which weren’t meant to be downloaded.
>>> print[is_downloadable['//www.youtube.com/watch?v=xCglV_dqFGI']] False >>> print[is_downloadable['//www.facebook.com/favicon.ico']] True
To restrict the download by file size, we can get the filezie from the content-length header and then do as per our requirement.
contentLength = header.get['content-length', None] if contentLength and contentLength > 2e8: # 200 mb approx return False
Get filename from an URL
To get the filename, we can parse the url. Below is a sample routine which fetches the last string after backslash[/].
url= "//www.computersolution.tech/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/tutorialspoint-logo.png" if url.find['/']: print[url.rsplit['/', 1][1]
Above will give the filename of the url. However, there are many cases where filename information is not present in the url for example – //url.com/download. In such a case, we need to get the Content-Disposition header, which contains the filename information.
import requests import re def getFilename_fromCd[cd]: """ Get filename from content-disposition """ if not cd: return None fname = re.findall['filename=[.+]', cd] if len[fname] == 0: return None return fname[0] url = '//google.com/favicon.ico' r = requests.get[url, allow_redirects=True] filename = getFilename_fromCd[r.headers.get['content-disposition']] open[filename, 'wb'].write[r.content]
The above url-parsing code in conjunction with above program will give you filename from Content-Disposition header most of the time.
Updated on 30-Jul-2019 22:30:26
- Related Questions & Answers
- Downloading file using SAP .NET Connector
- How are files extracted from a tar file using Python?
- Rename multiple files using Python
- Using SAP Web Service from WSDL file
- Web Scraping using Python and Scrapy?
- Python Implementing web scraping using lxml
- How to copy files from one folder to another using Python?
- How to copy files from one server to another using Python?
- How to convert PDF files to Excel files using Python?
- How to copy certain files from one folder to another using Python?
- Implementing web scraping using lxml in Python?
- Does HTML5 allow you to interact with local client files from within a web browser?
- Generate temporary files and directories using Python
- How to remove swap files using Python?
- How to create powerpoint files using Python