Tại sao default charset utf8

The character set support in PostgreSQL allows you to store text in a variety of character sets (also called encodings), including single-byte character sets such as the ISO 8859 series and multiple-byte character sets such as EUC (Extended Unix Code), UTF-8, and Mule internal code. All supported character sets can be used transparently by clients, but a few are not supported for use within the server (that is, as a server-side encoding). The default character set is selected while initializing your PostgreSQL database cluster using initdb. It can be overridden when you create a database, so you can have multiple databases each with a different character set.

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24.3.1. Supported Character Sets
24.3.2. Setting the Character Set
24.3.3. Automatic Character Set Conversion Between Server and Client
24.3.4. Available Character Set Conversions

An important restriction, however, is that each database's character set must be compatible with the database's

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 0 (character classification) and

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 1 (string sort order) locale settings. For

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 2 or

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 3 locale, any character set is allowed, but for other libc-provided locales there is only one character set that will work correctly. (On Windows, however, UTF-8 encoding can be used with any locale.) If you have ICU support configured, ICU-provided locales can be used with most but not all server-side encodings.

24.3.1. Supported Character Sets

Table 24.1 shows the character sets available for use in PostgreSQL.

Table 24.1. PostgreSQL Character Sets

NameDescriptionLanguageServer?ICU?Bytes/CharAliases

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 4Big FiveTraditional ChineseNoNo1–2

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 5,

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 6

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 7Extended UNIX Code-CNSimplified ChineseYesYes1–3

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 8Extended UNIX Code-JPJapaneseYesYes1–3

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 9Extended UNIX Code-JP, JIS X 0213JapaneseYesNo1–3

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 0Extended UNIX Code-KRKoreanYesYes1–3

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 1Extended UNIX Code-TWTraditional Chinese, TaiwaneseYesYes1–3

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 2National StandardChineseNoNo1–4

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 3Extended National StandardSimplified ChineseNoNo1–2

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 4,

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6ISO 8859-5, ECMA 113Latin/CyrillicYesYes1

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 7ISO 8859-6, ECMA 114Latin/ArabicYesYes1

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 8ISO 8859-7, ECMA 118Latin/GreekYesYes1

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 9ISO 8859-8, ECMA 121Latin/HebrewYesYes1

$ psql -l List of databases Name | Owner | Encoding | Collation | Ctype | Access Privileges -----------+----------+-----------+-------------+-------------+------------------------------------- clocaledb | hlinnaka | SQL_ASCII | C | C | englishdb | hlinnaka | UTF8 | en_GB.UTF8 | en_GB.UTF8 | japanese | hlinnaka | UTF8 | ja_JP.UTF8 | ja_JP.UTF8 | korean | hlinnaka | EUC_KR | ko_KR.euckr | ko_KR.euckr | postgres | hlinnaka | UTF8 | fi_FI.UTF8 | fi_FI.UTF8 | template0 | hlinnaka | UTF8 | fi_FI.UTF8 | fi_FI.UTF8 | {=c/hlinnaka,hlinnaka=CTc/hlinnaka} template1 | hlinnaka | UTF8 | fi_FI.UTF8 | fi_FI.UTF8 | {=c/hlinnaka,hlinnaka=CTc/hlinnaka} (7 rows) 0JOHABKorean (Hangul)NoNo1–3

\encoding SJIS 0ISO 8859-4, ECMA 94North EuropeanYesYes1

\encoding SJIS 1

\encoding SJIS 2ISO 8859-9, ECMA 128TurkishYesYes1

\encoding SJIS 3

\encoding SJIS 4ISO 8859-10, ECMA 144NordicYesYes1

\encoding SJIS 5

\encoding SJIS 6ISO 8859-13BalticYesYes1

\encoding SJIS 7

\encoding SJIS 8ISO 8859-14CelticYesYes1

\encoding SJIS 9

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 0ISO 8859-15LATIN1 with Euro and accentsYesYes1

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 1

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 2ISO 8859-16, ASRO SR 14111RomanianYesNo1

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 3

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4Mule internal codeMultilingual EmacsYesNo1–4

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 5Shift JISJapaneseNoNo1–2

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 6,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 7,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 8,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 9

SET NAMES 'value'; 0Shift JIS, JIS X 0213JapaneseNoNo1–2

SET NAMES 'value'; 1unspecified (see text)anyYesNo1

SET NAMES 'value'; 2Unified Hangul CodeKoreanNoNo1–2

SET NAMES 'value'; 3,

SET NAMES 'value'; 4

SET NAMES 'value'; 5Unicode, 8-bitallYesYes1–4

SET NAMES 'value'; 6

SET NAMES 'value'; 7Windows CP866CyrillicYesYes1

SET NAMES 'value'; 8

SET NAMES 'value'; 9Windows CP874ThaiYesNo1

SHOW client_encoding; 0Windows CP1250Central EuropeanYesYes1

SHOW client_encoding; 1Windows CP1251CyrillicYesYes1

SHOW client_encoding; 2

SHOW client_encoding; 3Windows CP1252Western EuropeanYesYes1

SHOW client_encoding; 4Windows CP1253GreekYesYes1

SHOW client_encoding; 5Windows CP1254TurkishYesYes1

SHOW client_encoding; 6Windows CP1255HebrewYesYes1

SHOW client_encoding; 7Windows CP1256ArabicYesYes1

SHOW client_encoding; 8Windows CP1257BalticYesYes1

SHOW client_encoding; 9Windows CP1258VietnameseYesYes1

RESET client_encoding; 0,

RESET client_encoding; 1,

RESET client_encoding; 2,

RESET client_encoding; 3

Not all client APIs support all the listed character sets. For example, the PostgreSQL JDBC driver does not support

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4,

\encoding SJIS 4,

\encoding SJIS 8, and

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 2.

The

SET NAMES 'value'; 1 setting behaves considerably differently from the other settings. When the server character set is

SET NAMES 'value'; 1, the server interprets byte values 0–127 according to the ASCII standard, while byte values 128–255 are taken as uninterpreted characters. No encoding conversion will be done when the setting is

SET NAMES 'value'; 1. Thus, this setting is not so much a declaration that a specific encoding is in use, as a declaration of ignorance about the encoding. In most cases, if you are working with any non-ASCII data, it is unwise to use the

SET NAMES 'value'; 1 setting because PostgreSQL will be unable to help you by converting or validating non-ASCII characters.

24.3.2. Setting the Character Set

initdb defines the default character set (encoding) for a PostgreSQL cluster. For example,

initdb -E EUC_JP

sets the default character set to

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 8 (Extended Unix Code for Japanese). You can use initdb4 instead of initdb5 if you prefer longer option strings. If no initdb5 or initdb4 option is given, initdb attempts to determine the appropriate encoding to use based on the specified or default locale.

You can specify a non-default encoding at database creation time, provided that the encoding is compatible with the selected locale:

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean

This will create a database named initdb9 that uses the character set

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 0, and locale

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 01. Another way to accomplish this is to use this SQL command:

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0;

Notice that the above commands specify copying the

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 02 database. When copying any other database, the encoding and locale settings cannot be changed from those of the source database, because that might result in corrupt data. For more information see Section 23.3.

The encoding for a database is stored in the system catalog

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 03. You can see it by using the

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 04

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 05 option or the

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 06 command.

Important

On most modern operating systems, PostgreSQL can determine which character set is implied by the

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 0 setting, and it will enforce that only the matching database encoding is used. On older systems it is your responsibility to ensure that you use the encoding expected by the locale you have selected. A mistake in this area is likely to lead to strange behavior of locale-dependent operations such as sorting.

PostgreSQL will allow superusers to create databases with

SET NAMES 'value'; 1 encoding even when

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 0 is not

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 2 or

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 3. As noted above,

SET NAMES 'value'; 1 does not enforce that the data stored in the database has any particular encoding, and so this choice poses risks of locale-dependent misbehavior. Using this combination of settings is deprecated and may someday be forbidden altogether.

24.3.3. Automatic Character Set Conversion Between Server and Client

PostgreSQL supports automatic character set conversion between server and client for many combinations of character sets (Section 24.3.4 shows which ones).

To enable automatic character set conversion, you have to tell PostgreSQL the character set (encoding) you would like to use in the client. There are several ways to accomplish this:

\encoding SJIS
Using
createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 13. Setting the client encoding can be done with this SQL command:
SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value';
Also you can use the standard SQL syntax
createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 14 for this purpose:
SET NAMES 'value';
To query the current client encoding:
SHOW client_encoding;
To return to the default encoding:
RESET client_encoding;
Using
createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 15. If the environment variable
createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 15 is defined in the client's environment, that client encoding is automatically selected when a connection to the server is made. (This can subsequently be overridden using any of the other methods mentioned above.)
Using the configuration variable client_encoding. If the
createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 17 variable is set, that client encoding is automatically selected when a connection to the server is made. (This can subsequently be overridden using any of the other methods mentioned above.)

If the conversion of a particular character is not possible — suppose you chose

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 8 for the server and

If the client character set is defined as

SET NAMES 'value'; 1, encoding conversion is disabled, regardless of the server's character set. (However, if the server's character set is not

SET NAMES 'value'; 1, the server will still check that incoming data is valid for that encoding; so the net effect is as though the client character set were the same as the server's.) Just as for the server, use of

SET NAMES 'value'; 1 is unwise unless you are working with all-ASCII data.

24.3.4. Available Character Set Conversions

PostgreSQL allows conversion between any two character sets for which a conversion function is listed in the

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 24 system catalog. PostgreSQL comes with some predefined conversions, as summarized in Table 24.2 and shown in more detail in Table 24.3. You can create a new conversion using the SQL command CREATE CONVERSION. (To be used for automatic client/server conversions, a conversion must be marked as “default” for its character set pair.)

Table 24.2. Built-in Client/Server Character Set Conversions

Server Character SetAvailable Client Character Sets

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 4not supported as a server encoding

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 7EUC_CN,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 8EUC_JP,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 5,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 9EUC_JIS_2004,

SET NAMES 'value'; 0,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 0EUC_KR,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 1EUC_TW,

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 4,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 2not supported as a server encoding

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 3not supported as a server encoding

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6ISO_8859_5,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5,

SET NAMES 'value'; 7,

SHOW client_encoding; 1

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 7ISO_8859_6,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 8ISO_8859_7,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 9ISO_8859_8,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5,

SET NAMES 'value'; 7,

SHOW client_encoding; 1

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5,

SHOW client_encoding; 0

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 0LATIN4,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 2LATIN5,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 4LATIN6,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 6LATIN7,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 8LATIN8,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 0LATIN9,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 2LATIN10,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4MULE_INTERNAL,

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 4,

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 7,

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 8,

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 0,

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 1,

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6,

\encoding SJIS 0,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 5,

SET NAMES 'value'; 7,

SHOW client_encoding; 0,

SHOW client_encoding; 1

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 5not supported as a server encoding

SET NAMES 'value'; 0not supported as a server encoding

SET NAMES 'value'; 1any (no conversion will be performed)

SET NAMES 'value'; 2not supported as a server encoding

SET NAMES 'value'; 5all supported encodings

SET NAMES 'value'; 7WIN866,

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5,

SHOW client_encoding; 1

SET NAMES 'value'; 9WIN874,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 0WIN1250,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 1WIN1251,

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6,

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5,

SET NAMES 'value'; 7

SHOW client_encoding; 3WIN1252,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 4WIN1253,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 5WIN1254,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 6WIN1255,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 7WIN1256,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 8WIN1257,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 9WIN1258,

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

Table 24.3. All Built-in Character Set Conversions

Conversion NameSource EncodingDestination Encoding

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 42

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 4

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 1

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 45

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 4

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 48

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 4

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 51

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 7

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 54

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 7

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 57

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 8

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 60

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 8

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 63

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 8

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 66

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 0

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 69

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 0

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 72

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 1

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 4

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 75

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 1

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 78

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 1

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 81

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 2

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 84

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 3

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 87

\encoding SJIS 4

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 90

\encoding SJIS 6

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 93

\encoding SJIS 8

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 96

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 0

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 99

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 2

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 0

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 0

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

\encoding SJIS 0

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6

SHOW client_encoding; 1

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6

SET NAMES 'value'; 7

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 7

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 8

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 9

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 2

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 1

SET NAMES 'value'; 7

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 4

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 7

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 8

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 0

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 1

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

\encoding SJIS 01

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

\encoding SJIS 0

\encoding SJIS 04

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6

\encoding SJIS 07

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

\encoding SJIS 10

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 13

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

SHOW client_encoding; 0

\encoding SJIS 16

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

SHOW client_encoding; 1

\encoding SJIS 19

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

SET NAMES 'value'; 7

\encoding SJIS 22

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 5

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 8

\encoding SJIS 25

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

\encoding SJIS 28

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 5

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 31

SHOW client_encoding; 9

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 34

SET NAMES 'value'; 2

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 37

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 4

\encoding SJIS 40

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 7

\encoding SJIS 43

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 8

\encoding SJIS 46

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 0

\encoding SJIS 49

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 1

\encoding SJIS 52

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 2

\encoding SJIS 55

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 3

\encoding SJIS 58

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 61

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 4

\encoding SJIS 64

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 6

\encoding SJIS 67

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 8

\encoding SJIS 70

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 0

\encoding SJIS 73

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 2

\encoding SJIS 76

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 79

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 82

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 0

\encoding SJIS 85

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6

\encoding SJIS 88

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 7

\encoding SJIS 91

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 8

\encoding SJIS 94

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 9

\encoding SJIS 97

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

\encoding SJIS 2

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 00

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 03

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 06

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 09

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 12

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 9

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 15

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET NAMES 'value'; 2

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 18

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 0

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 21

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 1

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 24

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 3

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 27

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 4

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 30

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 33

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 6

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 36

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 7

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 39

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SHOW client_encoding; 8

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 42

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET NAMES 'value'; 7

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 45

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET NAMES 'value'; 9

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 48

SHOW client_encoding; 0

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 51

SHOW client_encoding; 0

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 54

SHOW client_encoding; 0

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 57

SHOW client_encoding; 1

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 60

SHOW client_encoding; 1

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 63

SHOW client_encoding; 1

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 66

SHOW client_encoding; 1

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 69

SHOW client_encoding; 1

SET NAMES 'value'; 7

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 72

SHOW client_encoding; 3

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 75

SHOW client_encoding; 7

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 78

SET NAMES 'value'; 7

CREATE DATABASE korean WITH ENCODING 'EUC_KR' LC_COLLATE='ko_KR.euckr' LC_CTYPE='ko_KR.euckr' TEMPLATE=template0; 6

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 81

SET NAMES 'value'; 7

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 84

SET NAMES 'value'; 7

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 4

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 87

SET NAMES 'value'; 7

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 90

SET NAMES 'value'; 7

SHOW client_encoding; 2

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 93

SET NAMES 'value'; 9

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 96

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 9

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'value'; 99

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 9

SET NAMES 'value'; 02

SET NAMES 'value'; 0

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET NAMES 'value'; 05

SET NAMES 'value'; 5

SET NAMES 'value'; 0

SET NAMES 'value'; 08

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 9

SET NAMES 'value'; 0

SET NAMES 'value'; 11

SET NAMES 'value'; 0

createdb -E EUC_KR -T template0 --lc-collate=ko_KR.euckr --lc-ctype=ko_KR.euckr korean 9

Tại sao default charset utf8

24.3.1. Supported Character Sets

24.3.2. Setting the Character Set

Important

24.3.3. Automatic Character Set Conversion Between Server and Client

24.3.4. Available Character Set Conversions

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