What is the chance that a letter of English alphabet chosen at random is a vowel?

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If a letter is chosen at random from the English alphabet, find the probability that the letter is chosen is (i)a vowel (ii)a consonant

If a letter is chosen at random from the English alphabet, find the probability that the letter is chosen is
(i)a vowel
(ii)a consonant

If a letter is chosen at random from the English alphabet, find the probability that the letter is chosen is
(i)a vowel
(ii)a consonant

Answer : (i) We know that, Probability of occurrence of an event

Total possible outcomes are alphabets from a to z Desired outcomes are a, e, i, o, u

Conclusion: Probability of choosing a vowel is 5/6
Total no.of outcomes are 26 and desired outputs are 5 Therefore, the probability of picking a vowel

(ii) We know that,

Probability of occurrence of an event

What is the chance that a letter of English alphabet chosen at random is a vowel?

Conclusion:
Probability of choosing a consonant is 21/26Total possible outcomes are all alphabets from a to z

Desired outcomes are all alphabets except a, e, i, o, u Total no.of outcomes are 26 and desired outputs are 21 Therefore, the probability of picking a consonant

Answer

Verified

Hint: For finding the probability of getting a consonant, we can use the equation of probability. Since probability is the number of favourable in total number, knowing the number of consonants and total number of letters in the alphabet, we can find the answer.

Formula used:
Probability of an event is obtained by dividing the number of favourable outcomes by total number of outcomes.

Complete step-by-step answer:
Given that a letter of English alphabet is chosen at random. We have to find the probability that the chosen letter is a consonant.
Consonants are letters other than vowels in the alphabet.
In English alphabet we have five vowels which are “a, e, i, o & u”.
Since there are $26$ letters in total, we get the number of consonants as $26 - 5 = 21$.
Probability of an event is obtained by dividing the number of favourable outcomes by total number of outcomes.
So here the probability of getting a consonant is found by dividing the number of consonants by the total number of letters in English alphabet.
If $C$ is the event of getting consonant we have,
$P(C) = \dfrac{{21}}{{26}}$
$\therefore $ The probability that the chosen letter is consonant is $\dfrac{{21}}{{26}}$.

Note: We can also solve the problem in another way. We know the sum of probabilities is equal to one. When choosing a letter from English alphabet at random, there are only two possibilities; either vowel or consonant. Since there are five vowels, the probability of getting a vowel is $\dfrac{5}{{26}}$. So the probability of getting consonant is $1 - \dfrac{5}{{26}} = \dfrac{{21}}{{26}}$.

Solution:

Given, a letter of English alphabets is chosen at random.

We have to determine the probability that the letter is a consonant.

There are 26 English alphabets which consist of 5 vowels and 21 consonants.

The probability of selecting a letter that is a consonant is given by

Favourable outcomes = b, c, d, f, g, h , j, k , l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z

Number of favourable outcomes = 21

Number of possible outcomes = 26

Probability = number of favourable outcomes / number of possible outcomes

Probability = 21/26

Therefore, the probability of choosing an alphabet that is a consonant is 21/26.

✦ Try This: A letter of English alphabets is chosen at random. Determine the probability that the letter is a vowel.

☛ Also Check: NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 14


NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Maths Exercise 13.3 Problem 33

A letter of English alphabets is chosen at random. Determine the probability that the letter is a consonant

Summary:

A letter of English alphabets is chosen at random. The probability that the letter is a consonant is 21/26


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What is the probability that an alphabet selected at random is a vowel?

We know the sum of probabilities is equal to one. When choosing a letter from English alphabet at random, there are only two possibilities; either vowel or consonant. Since there are five vowels, the probability of getting a vowel is 526. So the probability of getting consonant is 1−526=2126.

What is the probability of randomly choosing a letter from the alphabet?

The probability of picking a letter from the set of English alphabets is 5/26.

What is the probability that an English alphabet selected at random is I a vowel II a consonant?

Hence, the required probability is 21/26. Q. A letter of English alphabets is chosen at random. The probability that it is a consonant is _________.

What is the probability that the first letter is a vowel?

There are 8 letters, three of them, e, o, and e, vowels and 5 of them, H, f, r, s, and h, consonants. The probability the first letter chosen is a vowel is 3/8.