Which of the following is one of the five essentially universal emotions?

Emotions can be confusing! But what if you could explore them in an emotion wheel, and dig deeper with a simply powerful emotions list? The Plutchik Model of Emotions provides a simply logical way to make sense of feelings. Plus! At the bottom of this page you’ll find our top emotions resources, and a form to get your free emotions list with dozens of emotions explained.

What you’ll find on this page

➔  An interactive version of Plutchik’s Wheel of Emotions

➔  A free interpretation guide for the Plutchik wheel

➔  A free, downloadable PDF version of Plutchik’s Wheel of Emotions

➔  Free resources to learn more about emotions and emotional literacy, including the Six Seconds Model of Emotional Intelligence

The Feelings Wheel Defined

Psychologist Robert Plutchik created the Plutchik Model shown above. It shows there are 8 basic emotions: joy, trust, fear, surprise, sadness, anticipation, anger, and disgust. Plutchik’s wheel of emotions organizes these 8 basic emotions based on the physiological purpose of each. The model is actually the little “ice cream cone” which unfolds to the emotions wheel.,

As you’ll see below, this framework helps bring clarity to emotions, which can sometimes feel mysterious and overwhelming. To improve your understanding of emotions, Plutchik’s wheel of emotions is a great place to start –  and we included an interpretation guide below!

So, what do all those colors and petals mean?

Plutchik’s wheel of emotions provides a great framework for understanding an emotion and its purpose!

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Which of the following is one of the five essentially universal emotions?

Interpreting Plutchik’s Wheel of Emotions

Primary: The eight sectors are designed to indicate that there are eight primary emotions: anger, anticipation, joy, trust, fear, surprise, sadness and disgust.

Opposites: Each primary emotion has a polar opposite. These are based on the physiological reaction each emotion creates in animals (including humans… Plutchik studied animals!):

  • Joy is the opposite of sadness. Physiology: Connect vs withdraw
  • Fear is the opposite of anger. Physiology: Get small and hide vs get big and loud
  • Anticipation is the opposite of surprise. Physiology: Examine closely vs jump back
  • Disgust is the opposite of trust. Physiology: Reject vs embrace

Combinations: The emotions with no color represent an emotion that is a mix of the 2 primary emotions. For example, anticipation and joy combine to be optimism. Joy and trust combine to be love. Emotions are often complex, and being able to recognize when a feeling is actually a combination of two or more distinct feelings is a helpful skill. 

There are also tertiary feelings, not shown on the feelings wheel, that are a combination of 3 (and maybe some feelings have 4 or more parts? Let us know what you think in the comments below),

 

Intensity:  The cone’s vertical dimension represents intensity – emotions intensify as they move from the outside to the center of the wheel, which is also indicated by the color: The darker the shade, the more intense the emotion. For example, anger at its least level of intensity is annoyance. At its highest level of intensity, anger becomes rage. Or, a feeling of boredom can intensify to loathing if left unchecked, which is dark purple.

This is an important rule about emotions to be aware of in relationships: If left unchecked, emotions can intensify. Herein lies the wisdom of enhancing your emotional vocabulary: it’s the bedrock of effectively navigating emotions.

Plutchik’s wheel of emotions helps us look at literacy through a broader lens. Literacy means “a person’s knowledge of a particular subject or field.” So enhancing emotional literacy means not only having words for emotions, but understanding how different emotions are related to one another and how the tend to change over time.

You can read Robert Plutchik’s explanation of his model of emotions in an article that was originally published in American Scientist in 2001 and can be read on Springer International Publishing AG.

Plutchik’s wheel of emotions illustrates what happens when two feelings combine. What feeling is a combination of anticipation + joy?

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The Six Seconds Model of Emotional Intelligence

Improve self-awareness, make better decisions, and connect to purpose.

Explore the model →

Want a quick, powerful tool to get started? Download the Emotions List: Emotoscope Feeling Chart.

One of our core beliefs is that there are no “bad” emotions. Emotions are data – signals about threats and opportunities. To that end, the Feeling Chart lists the purpose of dozens of emotions.

Which of the following is one of the five essentially universal emotions?

Explore the neuroscience of emotions, 7 amazing facts about emotions and more free emotional literacy resources: 

Learn about emotions →

The purpose of emotions: focus our attention and motivate us to action. Think of a feeling you’ve had lately… What is it telling you to focus on? To do? If you’re not sure, check out the Emotoscope chart!

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Which of the following is one of the 5 universal emotions?

Dr. Ekman identified the six basic emotions as anger, surprise, disgust, enjoyment, fear, and sadness. His research shows the strongest evidence to date of a seventh emotion, which is contempt.

What are 5 emotions?

They include sadness, happiness, fear, anger, surprise and disgust..
Sadness. An emotional state characterized by feelings of disappointment, grief or hopelessness. ... .
Happiness. A pleasant emotional state that elicits feelings of joy, contentment and satisfaction. ... .
Fear. ... .
Anger. ... .
Surprise. ... .
Disgust..

What is one of the universal emotions?

Psychological research has classfied six facial expressions which correspond to distinct universal emotions: disgust, sadness, happiness,fear,anger, surprise[Black,Yacoob,95]. It is interesting to note that four out of the six are negative emotions.

What are the 6 essentially universal emotions?

Ekman proposed seven basic emotions: fear, anger, joy, sad, contempt, disgust, and surprise; but he changed to six basic emotions: fear, anger, joy, sadness, disgust, and surprise.