What is the difference between a theory and a model in nursing?
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Models and theories have to be understood as two forms used in comprehending phenomena, and between which some differences can be identified. In various disciplines, both in the social and natural sciences, various models and theories are being used to understand phenomena. This can relate to society, individuals, the human brain, plant life, etc. Although both theories and models are used, these two are different from one another. By paying attention to the definitions of the two words, we can understand the key difference between a model and a theory. A model can be understood as a representation of something. A model provides us with a structure. On the other hand, a theory is a set of ideas that provide us an explanation to something. This is the key difference between a model and theory. This article attempts to elaborate the difference between the two. Let us begin with the word model. Show
What is a Model?A model can simply be defined as an example of something. A model provides the individual with a structural representation of the phenomenon, allowing him to gain a fuller understanding of it. In various disciplines, models are used to comprehend the phenomena. This allows the individual to build his theory based on the constructed model. In some cases, models are used by scientists to support their ideas. When speaking of models there are various types. There are mathematical models, analytical models, conceptual models, statistical models, etc. Having a model makes it easier for students to gain a better understanding of the concept. Let us take an example. In the sociology of health, attention is paid to some of the models in medicine. One such model is the biomedical model. This is a conceptual model that allows the sociologist to identify a specific manner of understanding diseases, illness, and the individual. In the biomedical model, the focus is mainly on the biological factors of the person alone. It completely ignores the social and cultural factors related to health. On the contrary, the psychosocial model focuses not only on the biological factors, but also stresses the necessity of social, cultural, and psychological factors as well. The Solar System Model What is a Theory?A theory can be defined as a set of ideas that provide an explanation to a phenomenon. Once the researcher has gained sufficient data, he builds the theory based on the information that he has gathered. In some cases, the information can come in the form of a model. However, in other cases, it is through observation and analysis of data. When formulating theories, most scientists use a proper scientific methodology so that the theory holds validity. Also, theories can be tested in order to check this validity. Theories usually do not remain the same in a field for a long period of time. Very often theories become disproven as scientists expand their horizons. In order to comprehend the nature of theories, let us take a theory from the urban sociology. Ernest Burgess came up with the theory of concentric urban zones in 1925. According to this theory, most cities have a tendency to spread outwards like ripples on a pond. He believed that in each zone a specific class of people inhabits. In order to explain his theory, he presents a model of the city as well. This can be considered as a fine example of theory and model merging in order to explain a phenomenon. Theory of Concentric Zones What is the Difference Between Model and Theory?Definitions of Model and Theory:Model: A model is a representation of something that provides us with a structure. Theory: A theory is a set of ideas that provide us an explanation to something. Characteristics of Model and Theory:Structure: Model: A model provides with a structure. Theory: A theory can provide us with a structure, but there is a possibility that it may not be so as well. Explanation: Model: A model provides us with a simplified understanding of a phenomenon. Theory: A theory explains a phenomenon. Foundation: Model: A model can lay the foundation for a theory. Theory: A theory can be used to create a physical model.
Image Courtesy: 1. A solar system model donated by Albert Einstein to Ben Shemen youth village in 1928 By Avi1111 dr. avishai teicher (Own work) [CC BY-SA 4.0], via Wikimedia Commons A conceptual model is a theoretical framework that provides an organized structure, related ideas, design, and concepts in research while a theory is a foundation for basis of action that describe a phenomenon (Grand Canyon University, 2018). A nursing conceptual model gives direction and an orderly way to research in a nursing field. On the other hand, a nursing theory describes a particular nursing phenomenon used in the nursing field to offer strategies and approaches in patient care (Grand Canyon University, 2018). One of the nursing theories is the Virginia Henderson’s need theory that focuses on the role of the nurse in assisting a patient to recover his/her health by addressing the specific needs of the patient. Nurses should focus on each patient as patients may have different needs that should be catered for to ensure that a patient regains his/her well-being (Butts & Rich, 2018). These needs include physiological needs such as behavioral patterns that can be addressed through counseling spiritual needs that can be addressed by sharing scripture and praying with the patient, and social needs where a nurse can incorporate the patient in recreational activities (Butts & Rich, 2018). This theory would be effective in managing a patient with post-traumatic stress disorder by help him/her to recover after encountering a traumatic experience that may negatively affect their hope in life. Counseling sessions will meet their psychological needs by helping them accept that they no longer have power over what happened (Butts & Rich, 2018). However, they can positively face life, as there is still hope for a better tomorrow. Academic anxiety? Get original paper in 3 hours and nail the task Get your paper price 124 experts online When the nurse addresses the physiological needs of a patient, this can help the patient to recover back to their normal well-being. The nurse should also focus on other needs of the patient based on the underlying healthcare issue (Nilsen, 2015). This includes ensuring that the patient has a supportive surrounding environment as well as getting rid of unhealthy behaviors that may have been developed due to the stressing situation. Mental health patients have also spiritual needs that should also be addressed to strengthen their faith and hope for a better life regardless the current situation (Nilsen, 2015). What is the difference between nursing model and nursing theory?The nursing model of care, which nurse practitioners follow, is based on nursing theory. This is a framework that defines what nurses do and why they do it. These principles guide the nursing practice. Nursing theory includes the nursing process, which provides the steps nurses use to care for patients.
What is the difference between model and theory?Theories are plausible explanatory propositions devised to link possible causes to their effects. Generally, models are schematic representations of reality or of one's view of a possible world, constructed to improve one's understanding about the world and/or to make predictions.
What are nursing theories and models?Nursing theories provide a way to define nursing as a unique discipline that is separate from other disciplines (e.g., medicine). It is a framework of concepts and purposes intended to guide nursing practice at a more concrete and specific level.
What is a model in nursing?Nursing models are guides to help nurses understand their profession and to provide a framework for their daily practice.
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