Abstract
Vesicular-arbuscular [VA] mycorrhizal fungi and ectomycorrhizal fungi were observed together in the same root system, and even within the same root apices, of seedlings of Eucalyptus dumosa A. Cunn. ex Schau. On a population basis, there was a succession of two overlapping mycorrhizal epidemics-VA mycorrhizas followed by ectomycorrhizas. This succession was interpreted as follows. Early build-up of VA mycorrhizas was related to initial higher inoculum potential of that fungus and to rapidity of colonization of individual roots. The ectomycorrhizal fungus was more successful later in achieving secondary infections by hyphal spread and in colonization of lateral root branches. The ectomycorrhizal fungus had no difficulty infecting pre-existing VA mycorrhizas, but the ectomycorrhizal sheath provided a barrier to subsequent VA mycorrhizal infections. While the proportion of VA mycorrhizas to ectomycorrhizas changed between two and five months, the overall proportion of mycorrhizal roots remained constant, suggesting that there could be competition between the different fungi for limiting substrate.
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New Phytologist is a leading world journal, publishing original research papers on all aspects of the plant sciences. It publishes also a prestigious series of invited reviews, Tansley Reviews, named after Sir Arthur Tansley who founded the journal in 1902. In addition, submitted reviews are published as well as a Forum section containing short articles on current issues in the plant sciences. The journal is non-profit making. The Trustees of the registered charity ensure that income is used solely to support the plant sciences. JSTOR provides a digital archive of the print version of New Phytologist. The electronic version of New Phytologist is available at //www.interscience.wiley.com. Authorized users may be able to access the full text articles at this site.
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Endomycorrhiza and Ectomycorrhiza Difference
The subject-matter experts at Vedantu have tabulated the difference between ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae in a simple way so that every student will be able to understand and learn the concept. This study material on Vedantu makes it easier or students to prepare the concept for their exam. The plant kingdom is full of surprises. One of the fascinating concepts is that two plant species of different origins live together forming a symbiotic bond and help each other to survive. One such example is fungi living in the roots of various higher-order plants.
There are two different ways by which a fungal species live with a tree in their roots. If they stay outside the cortical region and do not penetrate the plant’s internal tissues, it is called as Ectomycorrhizae [singular- ectomycorrizha]. When the fungal species penetrate the outer protective layer and enter the cortical region in the roots of a plant or a tree, it is called Endomycorrhizae [singular- endomycorrhiza]. The terms are very closely related. Even the meaning is quite similar to each other in various aspects.
What is Mycorrhiza? How to explain Endomycorrhiza and Ectomycorrhiza?
This is a botanical term used to discuss the symbiotic behaviour of fungi and plants. To understand the concept well, one has to study the basic term of mycorrhiza first. Let us discuss what mycorrhiza stands for. It is referred to as the fungal species that finds a resort in the roots of bigger plants. In most cases, the vascular plants remain associated with these fungal species. The symbiotic relation is based on the availability of different food resources for survival. Each of the plant species take care of the gaps that the other cannot fill. It can be explained using a simple example. In mycorrhiza, the fungus provides moisture to the roots. The fungal species can easily absorb moisture from the soil and provide it to the roots of the vascular plants. The vascular plants, on the other hand, provide the essential nutrients to the fungal species associated with the roots. Both the species help each other to gather food and moisture and survive even in the harshest conditions.
When this term is elaborated, it refers to two different definitions. Ectomycorrhiza refers to the fungal species that does not penetrate inside the cortical cells of the vascular plants. Here ‘ecto’ means outside in Greek. These fungal species remain outside the cortical boundary in the roots and provide the necessary nutrients and moisture to the bigger plant. On the other hand, endomycorrhiza refers to that symbiotic relationship where the fungus enters the cortical zone of the root of a vascular plant. Here, ‘endo’ means inside in Greek. If you go through the explanations and endomycorrhizae examples thoroughly, you will now be able to understand the difference between these two terms.
The fungus enters into a root using its hyphae for penetration. In the first case, the fungal hyphae do not enter the cortical cells whereas in the second case, it enters. Ectomycorrhizae are less prevalent in nature. There are a few examples witnessed by botanists across the world. On the contrary, endomycorrhizae can be found in many places. To understand this concept, you can refer to the differences prepared by the experts of Vedantu. It will become a lot easier to clarify your doubts and make this concept very easy to understand.
Why should you refer to the study material on Endomycorrhiza and Ectomycorrhiza on Vedantu?
Vedantu is a popular online study platform for students of all classes where they can find the easiest methods to study various subjects and learn new concepts. Our subject-matter experts are highly experienced and they focus on the common problem-areas and prepare the study materials by using the simplest language that every student can understand. If you consider the concept of endomycorrhiza and ectomycorrhiza, you will find out how efficiently the experts have pointed out the differences and managed to make it clear to the students.
Every doubt will be easily clarified when you study this concept by referring to the summarized difference between these two symbiotic phenomena. The compilation is done following the standards of CBSE board so that the students can follow it and score well in the exams. Go through the examples cited for these two terms to understand the concept of the basic terminology used in the chapter. This study material on Vedantu will help you to comprehend what is ectomycorrhizal vs endomycorrhizal symbiosis with examples and develop a deeper conceptual understanding of the chapter.
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