What do somatic symptom disorder and the dissociative disorders have in common?
OverviewSomatic symptom disorder is characterized by an extreme focus on physical symptoms — such as pain or fatigue — that causes major emotional distress and problems functioning. You may or may not have another diagnosed medical condition associated with these symptoms, but your reaction to the symptoms is not normal. Show
You often think the worst about your symptoms and frequently seek medical care, continuing to search for an explanation even when other serious conditions have been excluded. Health concerns may become such a central focus of your life that it's hard to function, sometimes leading to disability. If you have somatic symptom disorder, you may experience significant emotional and physical distress. Treatment can help ease symptoms, help you cope and improve your quality of life. SymptomsSymptoms of somatic symptom disorder may be:
Pain is the most common symptom, but whatever your symptoms, you have excessive thoughts, feelings or behaviors related to those symptoms, which cause significant problems, make it difficult to function and sometimes can be disabling. These thoughts, feelings and behaviors can include:
For somatic symptom disorder, more important than the specific physical symptoms you experience is the way you interpret and react to the symptoms and how they impact your daily life. When to see a doctorBecause physical symptoms can be related to medical problems, it's important to be evaluated by your primary care provider if you aren't sure what's causing your symptoms. If your primary care provider believes that you may have somatic symptom disorder, he or she can refer you to a mental health professional. Caring for a loved oneWhen physical symptoms considered to be somatic symptom disorder occur, it can be difficult to accept that a life-threatening illness has been eliminated as the cause. Symptoms cause very real distress for the person and reassurance isn't always helpful. Encourage your loved one to consider the possibility of a mental health referral to learn ways to cope with the reaction to symptoms and any disability it causes. Physical disability may cause the person to be dependent and need extra physical care and emotional support that can exhaust caregivers and cause stress on families and relationships. If you feel overwhelmed by your role as caregiver, you may want to talk to a mental health professional to address your own needs. CausesThe exact cause of somatic symptom disorder isn't clear, but any of these factors may play a role:
Risk factorsRisk factors for somatic symptom disorder include:
ComplicationsSomatic symptom disorder can be associated with:
PreventionLittle is known about how to prevent somatic symptom disorder. However, these recommendations may help.
How are somatic symptom and dissociative disorders different?In contrast, some somatoform disorders more closely resemble physical phobias (e.g., hypochondriasis) or social phobias (e.g., body dysmorphic disorder). Dissociative disorders involve the disruption or loss of the integrative mechanisms of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception.
What are the similarities and differences between somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder?What is the difference between illness anxiety disorder and somatic symptom disorder? Someone with somatic symptom disorder may obsess and worry about their health — just like someone with illness anxiety disorder. A person with somatic symptom disorder has true physical symptoms.
What is the common aspect among all somatic symptom and related disorders?In the majority of somatic symptom and related disorders: Symptoms are not intentionally induced or invented (unlike in factitious disorders or malingering). Patients are distressed by their symptoms and seek a diagnosis and treatment. There is no deliberate attempt to deceive others, including health care staff.
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