As audit evidence physical examination and confirmation may only be obtained using

what is AU 500?

audit evidence

what are the 4 primary requirements of AU 500?

obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence
relevance and reliability
adjust audit procedures for evidence gathering
management specialist

what are the different types of audit procedures?

risk assessment procedures
tests of controls
substantive testing

procedures that give an overall understanding of the client and its industry, including its internal control system

risk assessment procedures

test the effectiveness of internal controls that we want to rely on during this audit to accomplish our objectives

tests of controls

audit procedures we use to find misstatements

substantive testing

what are the two types of substantive testing?

detailed substantive testing
analytical review procedures

confirmation sent to people who owe the client money by the auditor's

externally produced/maintained

monthly bank statements

externally produced/client maintained

cancel check produced by client

client prepared, externally reviewed, client maintained

includes business documents - invoices, PO, receiving reports

client prepared, client maintained

what are the four types of evaluating the reliability of the evidence?

externally produced/maintained
externally produced/client maintained
client prepared, externally reviewed, client maintained
client prepared, client maintained

what is the weakest type of evaluations for the reliability of evidence?

client prepared, client maintained

what is the strongest type of evaluations for the reliability of evidence?

externally produced/maintained

what are the 8 types of evidence?

physical examination
confirmation
inspection
inquiries of our client
recalculation
reperformance
observational
analytical review

what is the strongest type of evidence?

confirmation evidence

what is the weakest type of evidence?

inquiries of our client

internal to external - going from a reported amount in the accounting system, out to some supporting document

vouching

external to internal - randomly select some items from a population and go into the accounting records

tracing

what audit objective does vouching help meet?

occurrence

what audit objective does tracing help meet?

completeness

add down a column

foot

add across a column

cross foot

what is AU 580?

written representations

when must the management rep letters be dated?

same date on audit report

what is AU 585?

consideration of omitted procedures

what is AU 230?

audit documentation

AU 230 states that ______ ________ can be used over any medium

work papers

when the auditors have assembled, for retention, a complete and final document set of work papers

document completion date

when is the document completion date deadline for AICPA?

no later than __________ after the audit report release date

60 days

what is the document completion date deadline for PCAOB?

no later than __________ after the audit report release date

45 days

how long does the AICPA require CPA firms to retain work papers?

5 years

how long does the PCAOB require CPA firms to retain work papers?

7 years

evaluations of financial information through analysis of plausible relationships among financial and nonfinancial data

analytical procedures

a measure of the quality of evidence; appropriate evidence is relevant and reliable in meeting audit objectives for classes of transactions, account balances, and related disclosures

appropriateness of evidence

record of the audit procedures performed, relevant audit evidence, and conclusions the auditor reached

audit documentation

detailed instruction for the collection of a type of audit evidence

audit procedure

list of audit procedures for an audit area or an entire audit; the audit program always includes audit procedures and may also include sample sizes, items to select, and timing of the tests

audit program

the auditor's receipt of a direct written or electronic response from a third party verifying the accuracy of information requested

confirmation

a document, such as a vendor's invoice, that has been used by an outside party to the transaction being documented and that the client now has or can easily obtain

external document

the obtaining of written or oral information from the client in response to specific questions during the audit

inquiry

the auditor's examination of the client's documents and records to substantiate the information that is or should be included in the financial statements

inspection

a document, such as an employee time report, that is pre- pared and used within the client's organization

internal document

the degree to which the auditor is convinced that the evidence supports the audit opinion; the two determinants of persuasiveness are the appropriateness and sufficiency of the evidence

persuasiveness of evidence

the extent to which evidence is believable or worthy of trust; evidence is reliable when it is obtained
(1) from an independent provider,
(2) from a client with effective internal controls,
(3) from the auditor's direct knowledge,
(4) from qualified providers such as law firms and banks,
(5) from objective sources, and
(6) in a timely manner

reliability of evidence

the rechecking of a sample of the computations made by the client, including mathematical accuracy of individual transactions and amounts and the adding of journals and subsidiary records

recalculation

the auditor's independent tests of client accounting procedures or controls that were originally done as part of the entity's accounting and internal control system

reperformance

an analytical procedure in which the auditor develops an expectation of recorded amounts or ratios to provide evidence sup- porting an account balance

substantive analytical procedure

the quantity of evidence; proper sample size

sufficiency of evidence

symbols used on an audit schedule that provide additional information or details of audit procedures performed

tick marks

the use of documentation to determine if transactions or amounts are included in the accounting records

tracing

the use of documentation to support recorded transactions or amounts

vouching

Which of the following types of documentary evidence should the auditor consider to be the most reliable?
(1) A sales invoice issued by the client and supported by a delivery receipt from an outside trucker
(2) Confirmation of an account payable balance mailed by and returned directly to the auditor
(3) A check, issued by the company and bearing the payee's endorsement, that is included with the bank statements mailed directly to the auditor
(4) An audit schedule prepared by the client's controller and reviewed by the client's treasurer

2

Audit evidence can come in different forms with different degrees of persuasiveness. Which of the following is the least persuasive type of evidence?
(1) Vendor's invoice
(2) Bank statement obtained from the client
(3) Computations made by the auditor
(4) Prenumbered sales invoices

4

Which of the following presumptions is correct about the reliability of audit evidence?
(1) Information obtained indirectly from outside sources is the most reliable audit evidence.
(2) To be reliable, audit evidence should be convincing rather than merely persuasive.
(3) Reliability of audit evidence refers to the amount of corroborative evidence obtained.
(4) Effective internal control provides more assurance about the reliability of audit evidence.

4

For all audits of financial statements made in accordance with auditing standards, the use of analytical procedures is required to some extent

planning stage substantive test completion stage
(1) yes no yes
(2) no yes no
(3) no yes yes
(4) yes no no

1

Which of the following situations has the best chance of being detected when a CPA compares 2016 revenues and expenses with the prior year and investigates all changes exceeding a fixed percent?

(1) An increase in property tax rates has not been recognized in the company's 2016 accrual.
(2) The cashier began lapping accounts receivable in 2016.
(3) Because of worsening economic conditions, the 2016 provision for uncollectible accounts was inadequate.
(4) The company changed its capitalization policy for small tools in 2016.

4

Which of the following would not be considered to be an analytical procedure?
(1) Estimating payroll expense by multiplying the number of employees by the average hourly wage rate and the total hours worked.
(2) Projecting the error rate by comparing the results of a statistical sample with the actual population characteristics.
(3) Computing accounts receivable turnover by dividing credit sales by the average net receivables.
(4) Developing the expected current year sales based on the sales trend of the prior five years.

2

Which of the following is not a primary purpose of audit documentation?
(1) To coordinate the audit
(2) To assist in preparation of the audit report
(3) To support the financial statements
(4) To provide evidence of the audit work performed

3

During an audit engagement, pertinent data are compiled and included in the audit files. The audit files primarily are considered to be
(1) a client-owned record of conclusions reached by the auditors who performed the engagement.
(2) evidence supporting financial statements.
(3) support for the auditor's representations as to compliance with auditing standards.
(4) a record to be used as a basis for the following year's engagement.

3

Although the quantity, type, and content of audit documentation will vary with the circumstances, audit documentation generally will include the
(1) copies of those client records examined by the auditor during the course of the engagement.
(2) evaluation of the efficiency and competence of the audit staff assistants by the partner responsible for the audit.
(3) auditor's comments concerning the efficiency and competence of client management personnel.
(4) auditing procedures followed and the testing performed in obtaining audit evidence.

4

According to PCAOB audit standards, audit documentation must be retained for
(1) one year.
(2) three years.
(3) five years.
(4) seven years.

4

Which of the following types of audit evidence is generally the most reliable?
(1) A bank statement
(2) A bank confirmation
(3) Analytical procedures
(4) Inquiries made of the audit committee

2

An auditor most likely would apply analytical procedures in the overall review stage of an audit to
(1) identify unusual or unexpected balances that were not previously identified.
(2) obtain an understanding of high-risk areas.
(3) evaluate the design and implementation of internal control.
(4) identify related party transactions that may not have been previously identified.

1

Calculate the ratio of sales commission expense to sales as a test of sales commissions

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

analytical procedures

Review the accounts receivable with the credit manager to evaluate their collectibility

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

inquiries of client

Compare a duplicate sales invoice with the sales journal for customer name and amount.

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

inspection

Obtain a written statement from a bank stating that the client has $15,671 on deposit and liabilities of $500,000 on a demand note

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

confirmation

Add the sales journal entries to determine whether they were correctly totaled

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

recalculation

Count a sample of inventory items and record the amount in the audit files.

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

physical examination

Obtain a letter from the client's attorney addressed to the CPA firm stating that the attorney is not aware of any existing lawsuits.

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

confirmation

Extend the cost of inventory times the quantity on an inventory listing to test whether it is accurate

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

recalculation

Obtain a letter from an insurance company to the CPA firm stating the amount of the fire insurance coverage on buildings and equipment

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

confirmation

Examine an insurance policy stating the amount of the fire insurance coverage on buildings and equipment

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

inspection

Calculate the ratio of cost of goods sold to sales as a test of overall reasonableness of gross margin relative to the preceding year

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

analytical procedures

Obtain information about internal control by requesting the client to fill out a questionnaire

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

inquiries of client

Trace the total in the cash disbursements journal to the general ledger

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

reperformance

Watch employees count inventory to determine whether company procedures are being followed

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

observation

Examine a piece of equipment to make sure that a major acquisition was actually received and is in operation

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

physical examination

Examine corporate minutes to determine the authorization of the issue of bonds

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

inspection

Obtain a letter from management stating that there are no unrecorded liabilities

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

inquiries of client

Review the total of repairs and maintenance for each month to determine whether any month's total was unusually large.

Classify the item according to the eight types of audit evidence: (1) physical examination, (2) confirmation, (3) inspection, (4) analytical procedures, (5) inquiries of the client, (6) recalculation, (7) reperformance, and (8) observation.

analytical procedures

Trace from receiving reports to vendors' invoices and entries in the acquisitions journal

identify the type of audit evidence used and the transaction-related audit objective or objectives satisfied by each audit procedure

inspection, completeness

Add the sales journal for the month of July and trace amounts to the general ledger

identify the type of audit evidence used and the transaction-related audit objective or objectives satisfied by each audit procedure

recalculation, posting and summarization

Examine expense voucher packages and related vendors' invoices for approval of expense account classification

identify the type of audit evidence used and the transaction-related audit objective or objectives satisfied by each audit procedure

inspection, classification

Observe opening of cash receipts to determine that cash receipts are promptly deposited and recorded

identify the type of audit evidence used and the transaction-related audit objective or objectives satisfied by each audit procedure

observation, timing and completeness

Ask the accounts payable clerk about procedures for verifying prices, quantities, and extensions on vendors' invoices

identify the type of audit evidence used and the transaction-related audit objective or objectives satisfied by each audit procedure

inquiries of client, accuracy

Vouch entries in sales journal to sales invoices and related shipping documents.

identify the type of audit evidence used and the transaction-related audit objective or objectives satisfied by each audit procedure

inspection, occurrence

Should focus on enhancing the auditor's understanding of the client's business and the transactions and events that have occurred since the last audit date

select the stage of audit that this statement most accurately is in

Planning the audit
Substantive testing
Overall review
Statement is not correct concerning analytical procedures

planning the audit

Should focus on identifying areas that may represent specific risks relevant to the audit

select the stage of audit that this statement most accurately is in

Planning the audit
Substantive testing
Overall review
Statement is not correct concerning analytical procedures

planning the audit

Require documentation in the working papers of the auditor's expectation of the ratio or account balance

select the stage of audit that this statement most accurately is in

Planning the audit
Substantive testing
Overall review
Statement is not correct concerning analytical procedures

substantive testing

Do not result in detection of misstatements

select the stage of audit that this statement most accurately is in

Planning the audit
Substantive testing
Overall review
Statement is not correct concerning analytical procedures

statement is not correct concerning analytical procedures

Designed to obtain evidential matter about particular assertions related to account balances or classes of transactions

select the stage of audit that this statement most accurately is in

Planning the audit
Substantive testing
Overall review
Statement is not correct concerning analytical procedures

substantive testing

Generally use data aggregated at a lower level than the other stages

select the stage of audit that this statement most accurately is in

Planning the audit
Substantive testing
Overall review
Statement is not correct concerning analytical procedures

substantive testing

Should include reading the financial statements and notes to consider the adequacy of evidence gathered

select the stage of audit that this statement most accurately is in

Planning the audit
Substantive testing
Overall review
Statement is not correct concerning analytical procedures

overall review

Not required during this stage

select the stage of audit that this statement most accurately is in

Planning the audit
Substantive testing
Overall review
Statement is not correct concerning analytical procedures

substantive testing

Involve reconciliation of confirmation replies with recorded book amounts

select the stage of audit that this statement most accurately is in

Planning the audit
Substantive testing
Overall review
Statement is not correct concerning analytical procedures

statement is not correct concerning analytical procedures

Use the preliminary or unadjusted working trial balance as a source of data

select the stage of audit that this statement most accurately is in

Planning the audit
Substantive testing
Overall review
Statement is not correct concerning analytical procedures

planning the audit

What is physical examination in audit evidence?

Auditors gather physical evidence to verify whether certain assets exist or to confirm the asset's condition. Physical examination is also the primary source of audit evidence used primarily for any fixed assets, such as the usage of machinery or supplies.

What is audit evidence and how can it be obtained?

A11 Some audit evidence is obtained by performing audit procedures to test the accounting records, for example, through analysis and review, reperforming procedures followed in the financial reporting process, and reconciling related types and applications of the same information.

What are the 4 types of audit evidence?

The auditor can obtain different types of audit evidence, including physical examination, documentation, analytical procedure, observations, confirmations, inquiries, etc. The type and amount are dependent on the type of organization that is being audited and the required audit scope.

What information can be used as audit evidence?

Audit evidence consists of both information that supports and corroborates management's assertions regarding the financial statements or internal control over financial reporting and information that contradicts such assertions.