The main focus of clinical psychology is on which aspect of human behavior Quizlet
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Terms in this set (41)Describe the evolution of the definition of clinical psychology from the early 1900s to present. -The term clinical psychology was first used by Lightner Witmer 1907 Paraphrase the definition of clinical psychology provided by Division 12 of the American Psychological Association Clinical psychology uses science, theory and practice to understand maladjustment, disability, and discomfort. They use this knowledge to improve psychological aspects of your life including behavior, emotions and intellect. Differentiate clinical psychologists from related professions, including counseling psychologists, psychiatrists, and social workers. Clinical psychologist (PhD/PsyD) - work in hospitals/psych units, more disturbed patients, focus on behaviorism Counselors (MS) - work in counseling centers, less disturbed clients, focus on humanistic approach. Psychiatrists (MD) - work in hospitals as a licensed physician, can prescribe medication, focus on biological factors, fix problems with medicine. Social workers (BS/MS) - focus on social relationships with society and life issues, less education, not centered on counseling. Compare the training foci of the Boulder, Scientist-Practitioner: Boulder- With this training model is a two-pronged approach of training that primarily focuses on teaching students to display competence in the application of clinical methods and research methods. This companies both clinical and research work together. This way of teaching is the most popular method of teaching across programs. Vail, Practitioner-Scholar:Vail-This approach offers a more extensive training in the development of allied clinical skills. This is more for people who don't really want to go into the research side of psychology but the practice side of it. With this model the birth of the PsyD (doctoral Degree) was born. and Clinical Scientist models. Clinical Scientist model: this is a strongly research-oriented model of training for those who are focused more on the research side of psychology. This model stresses the scientific side of psychology at a greater rate. For this model a PhD is still earned. Scientific method and evidence-based clinical methods. Discuss perceived advantages and limitations of the Boulder, Vail, and Clinical Scientist models of training. Boulder - there are few disadvantages or advantages; balance of research and practice. Know the steps in training towards becoming a clinical psychologist 1:Graduate School: EPPP Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology Know what clinical competencies are Clinical competencies: Summarize current professional activities and employment settings of clinical psychologists in the United States. Professional
activities of clinical psychologists: Summarize major contributions of early pioneers, such as William Tuke, Dorothea Dix, and Eli Todd, to mental health care from the 1700s to the late 1800s. William Tuke: He opened the York Retreat a residential treatment center where mentally ill would always be cared for with kindness, dignity, & decency. This institution became an example for humane treatment. Describe Lightner Witmer's key contributions to the field of clinical psychology. 1:In 1896 Lightner Witmer founds the first psychology clinic Witmer applied science of psychology to human psychopathology for the first time and wrote the first scholarly journal in 1907 on psychology. Recount the development of key diagnostic systems (including the DSM) for mental illness from the 1800s to present. Key Diagnostic Systems
History:Kraepelin DSM (Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) Assessment Tests Evaluate the process used to decide what will become a DSM disorder. A DSM committee (members are Psychiatrist MD's) reviews disorders and decides based on if the disorder is severe enough to cause impairment, if it is sufficiently different from other disorders, and based on research. Their decisions are reviewed by peers before being included or excluded. Identify important people and psychological instruments in the history of intellectual and personality assessment. Key Intellectual & Personality History: Explain the influence of war on the professional activities of clinical psychologists. The whole profession could have slowed down if not for WWII. WWII created a demand for treatment. Many affected soldiers needed psychotherapy to deal with their experiences from war. The VA encouraged the use of psychotherapy as a treatment and today employs one of the largest bodies of psychotherapists. Discuss the growth of clinical psychology in the United States from the early 1900s to present. Growth of Clinical Psychology: Explain what it means to describe multiculturalism as the "fourth force" in clinical psychology (and know the other three "forces") Four "forces" of clinical psychology: List professional efforts in clinical psychology that demonstrate the field's current focus on multiculturalism, including DSM 5 elements and APA efforts that address multiculturalism. Professional efforts to focus on multiculturalism: Speculate how cultural competence could be demonstrated with psychotherapy clients of various backgrounds. Cultural competence: Compare major perspectives on the similarities and differences among people (e.g. acculturation and enculturation strategies, role of heterogeneity within cultures, emic vs etic, tripartite model of personal identity) Perspectives on similarities/differences: Describe methods for training clinical psychologists in cultural issues. Cultural Training Methods: Define "culture" in the context of clinical psychology. Culture is often defined by ethnicity or race, but many other variables like gender, religion, disability, SES, age and sex should also be included. Speculate how cultural competence could be demonstrated with psychotherapy clients of various backgrounds. ... Explain the experimental method as used by clinical psychologists. The
Scientific Method Describe the reasons why clinical psychologists perform research Reasons clinical psychologists perform research: Differentiate among various experimental
designs employed by clinical psychologists (e.g., between-group, within-group, quasi-experiment, etc). Between-group - comparing the two groups. The results of one group compared to the other group. Differentiate among various experimental designs employed by clinical psychologists (e.g., between-group, within-group, quasi-experiment, etc). Analogue design - when actual clinical populations or situations can't be accessed. It is an approximation or simulation of the "real thing". Know the difference between efficacy and effectiveness Efficacy - success of an intervention in a controlled study with clients who meet specific criteria (how well it works "in the lab") - generally high internal validity. Know the difference between internal and external validity Internal validity Be able to interpret the magnitude and direction of a correlation Magnitude Distinguish between the aspirational and enforceable components of the American Psychological Association Code of Ethics. Aspirational - General Principles section describes an ideal level of ethical functioning, or what to strive for Describe the five ethical principles of the APA Code of Ethics. 5 Ethical Principles of APA Describe the 10 ethical standards of the APA Code of Ethics (developed by Fisher). 10 Ethical Standards of APA (Fisher's) Propose ways that a clinical psychologist could ethically navigate contemporary ethical issues that have arisen in the profession. (i.e. know Fisher's model for ethical decision making) Fisher's
Model for Ethical Decision Making: Explain the limits of confidentiality for clients receiving services from a clinical psychologist. Nothing is disclosed in therapy without important exceptions (such as duty to warn). Determine key ethical considerations for psychological assessment and research. Assessment - Test selection (test's reliability and validity), Test security (keep test private), Test data (shared at client's request). Research - Psychotherapy Efficacy Differentiate between ethical and unethical multiple relationships for clinical psychologists. -Multiple relationships can be unavoidable -Multiple relationships: Knowing someone professionally and in some other way Propose ways that a clinical psychologist could ethically navigate contemporary ethical issues that have arisen in the profession. -Managed care -Psychological tests" on the Internet -Small communities can be rural areas or defined by ethnicity, religion, or other variables Know what burnout is Burnout refers to a state of exhaustion that relates to engaging continually in emotionally demanding work that exceed the normal stresses or psychological "wear and tear" of the job. Due to the nature of the work they often perform, clinical psychologists can find themselves quite vulnerable to burnout. Burnout and other factors can contribute to a level of impairment in the form of depression, substance abuse, or other manifestations that directly interferes with clinical work. Ethically psychologists should take action to prevent or minimize their own impairment, including professional burnout. Avoid by keeping job varied, avoid over involvement, balanced private life, reasonable expectations, healthy body. Students also viewedExam 1 Clinical Psych42 terms jdang100 clinical ch 518 terms bbismark21 chapter 730 terms tyler_elliott806 CP 435 terms PatriciaGarsh Other sets by this creatorSPA 351 UNCG53 terms Wendy_Alvarenga8399 Exam4-Final Exam psy 27555 terms Wendy_Alvarenga8399 Clinical Psychology Exam 3 27571 terms Wendy_Alvarenga8399 PSY 311 UNCG Exam 267 terms Wendy_Alvarenga8399 Verified questionspsychology What was the main difference between the psychological thinking of Wilhelm Wundt and earlier philosophers who were also interested in thinking and behavior? a. Wundt was German; earlier philosophers were American. b. Wundt was the first professor from a major university interested in psychology. c. Wundt was the first scholar to call himself a psychologist. d. Wundt used psychotherapy techniques establlshed by Freud to examine the thinking and behavior of healthy individuals. e. Wundt and his students gathered data about human thinking and behavior in a laboratory setting. Verified answer psychology Explain evidence that suggests a genetic influence on sexual orientation from each of the following types of studies: • Family studies • Twins studies • Animal studies Verified answer psychology Psychologists Walk and Gibson attempted to determine whether infants had developed the ability to perceive depth by a. having them crawl over what appeared to be a sharp ledge. b measuring how long they looked at novel stimuli. c. throwing soft foam balls to them and seeing how they would react. d. showing them a simulation of birds flying at their faces. e. seeing if they reached for a toy when it was held slightly beyond the reach of their arms. Verified answer psychology Which of the following is an example of variable-ratio reinforcement ? a. Collages acceptance letters arrive around the date of April 1. b. Percy gives his dog walks by strangers without barking. c. Esmeralda disliked substitute teacher, so she scowled every time she looked at him. d. Judy discovered a shark's tooth after several hours of searching for one on the beach. e. When Stu had been working on his homework for one hour, his mother allowed him to go outside ans play. Verified answer Recommended textbook solutions
Myers' Psychology for AP2nd EditionDavid G Myers 900 solutions Social Psychology10th EditionElliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson 525 solutions HDEV56th EditionSpencer A. Rathus 380 solutions Social Psychology10th EditionElliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Timothy D. Wilson 525 solutions Other Quizlet setsMarriage and Family Exam 342 terms hollyturlington bio exam 155 terms Cap_Drake SST CAU TU - DAY 2 (52-75)39 terms Tuyet_Be0312 BMS 532: Acid-base Balance32 terms TaylorCecelia94 What is the main focus of clinical psychology is on which aspect of human behavior?The specialty of clinical psychology addresses behavioral and mental health issues faced by individuals across the lifespan including: Adjustment issues and traumatic stress reactions. Emotional and psychological problems, including serious mental illness and crisis intervention.
What is clinical psychology quizlet?Clinical Psychology. involves rigorous study and applied practice directed toward understanding and improving the psychological facets of the human experience, including but not limited to issues or problems of behavior, emotions, or intellect. Education & Training.
What is the focus in the study of psychology?Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior. Psychologists are actively involved in studying and understanding mental processes, brain functions, and behavior.
What is one of the major areas of focus in psychology?Psychology focuses on understanding a person's emotions, personality, and mind through scientific studies, experiments, observation, and research. The study of psychology has four goals: Describe, Explain, Predict, and Change/Control.
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