How do i start and end a php file?

As in C or Perl, PHP requires instructions to be terminated with a semicolon at the end of each statement. The closing tag of a block of PHP code automatically implies a semicolon; you do not need to have a semicolon terminating the last line of a PHP block. The closing tag for the block will include the immediately trailing newline if one is present.

Example #1 Example showing the closing tag encompassing the trailing newline

echo "Some text"?>
No newline
"But newline now" ?>

The above example will output:

Some textNo newline
But newline now

Examples of entering and exiting the PHP parser:

    echo 'This is a test';
?>

echo 'This is a test' ?>

echo 'We omitted the last closing tag';

Note:

The closing tag of a PHP block at the end of a file is optional, and in some cases omitting it is helpful when using include or require, so unwanted whitespace will not occur at the end of files, and you will still be able to add headers to the response later. It is also handy if you use output buffering, and would not like to see added unwanted whitespace at the end of the parts generated by the included files.

Krishna Srikanth

16 years ago

Do not mis interpret

echo 'Ending tag excluded'; withphp echo 'Ending tag excluded';
<
p>But html is still visiblep>The second one would give error. Exclude ?> if you no more html to write after the code.

M1001

3 months ago

You are also able to write more than one statement in one line, just separating with a semicolon, example:

echo "a"; echo "b"; echo "c";
#The output will be "abc" with no errors
?>

anisgazig at gmail dot com

2 years ago

At the end of each statement,we will use a semicolon to seperate each statement.Php closing tag autometically implies a semiclon.So last line of a statment do not require a statement.

echo "first statement";
      echo
"second statement"
?>

Closing tag is optional and some cases omitting the closing tag is very helpful.
1.using include or require function
2.unwanted whitespace will not occur at the end of file
3.add header any time

echo "omitting closing tag";

Last update on August 19 2022 21:50:39 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

PHP opening and closing Tags syntax

There are four different pairs of opening and closing tags which can be used in php. Here is the list of tags.

  • Default syntax
  • Short open Tags
  • Omit the PHP closing tag at the end of the file

Default Syntax

The default syntax starts with "".

Example:

View the example (with default tag syntax) in the browser.

Short open Tags

The short tags starts with "". Short style tags are only available when they are enabled in php.ini configuration file on servers.

Example:

Omit the PHP closing tag at the end of the file

It is recommended that a closing PHP tag shall be omitted in a file containing only PHP code so that occurrences of accidental whitespace or new lines being added after the PHP closing tag, which may start output buffering causing uncalled for effects can be avoided.

Example:

PHP Statement separation

In PHP, statements are terminated by a semicolon (;) like C or Perl. The closing tag of a block of PHP code automatically implies a semicolon, there is no need to have a semicolon terminating the last line of a PHP block.

Rules for statement separation

  • a semicolon
  • AND/OR
  • a closing PHP tag

Valid Codes

In the above example, both semicolon(;) and a closing PHP tag are present.

In the above example, there is no semicolon(;) after the last instruction but a closing PHP tag is present.

In the above example, there is a semicolon(;) in the last instruction but there is no closing PHP tag.

PHP Case sensitivity

In PHP the user defined functions, classes, core language keywords (for example if, else, while, echo etc.) are case-insensitive. Therefore the three echo statements in the following example are equal.

Example - 1

"); 
ECHO("We are learning PHP case sensitivity 
"); EcHo("We are learning PHP case sensitivity
"); ?>

Output:

 We are learning PHP case sensitivity
We are learning PHP case sensitivity 
We are learning PHP case sensitivity 

View the example in the browser

On the other hand, all variables are case-sensitive.

Consider the following example. Only the first statement display the value as $amount because $amount, $AMOUNT, $amoUNT are three different variables.

Example - 2

"); 
echo("The Amount is : $AMOUNT 
"); echo("The Amount is : $amoUNT
"); ?>

Output:

The Amount is : 200 
The Amount is :
The Amount is :

View the example in the browser

PHP whitespace insensitivity

In general, whitespace is not visible on the screen, including spaces, tabs, and end-of-line characters i.e. carriage returns. In PHP whitespace doesn't matter in coding. You can break a single line statement to any number of lines or number of separate statements together on a single line.

The following two examples are same :

Example:

";
echo "His Class is : $class and Roll No. is $roll_no"; 
}
student_info("David Rayy", "V", 12)
?>

Output:

The Name of student is : David Rayy 
  His Class is : V and Roll No. is 12 

View the example in the browser

Example: Advance whitespace insensitivity

";
echo "His Class is : $class and Roll No. is $roll_no";
}
student_info(
"David Rayy", "V", 12
)
?>

Output:

 The Name of student is : David Rayy 
  His Class is : V and Roll No. is 12 

View the example in the browser

Example : Whitespace insensitivity with tabs and spaces

In the following example spaces and tabs are used in a numeric operation, but in both cases, $xyz returns the same value.

';
// tabs and spaces
$xyz =	 11	 +	 12;
echo $xyz;
?>

Output:

 23
  23 

View the example in the browser

PHP: Single line and Multiple lines Comments

Single line comment

PHP supports the following two different way of commenting.

# This is a single line comment.

//This is another way of single line comment.

Example:

Output:

 How to make single line comment.

View the example in the browser

Multiple lines comments

PHP supports 'C', style comments. A comment starts with the character pair /* and terminates with the character pair */.

/* This is a multiple comment testing,
and these lines will be ignored
at the time of execution */

Example:

Output:

 How to make multiline comments

View the example in the browser

Multiple lines comments can not be nested

First PHP Script

Here is the first PHP script which will display "Hello World..." in the web browser.

The tags tell the web server to treat everything inside the tags as PHP code to run. The code is very simple. It uses an in-build PHP function "echo" to display the text "Hello World ..." in the web page. Everything outside these tags is sent directly to the browser.

Pictorial presentation

How do i start and end a php file?

Combining PHP and HTML

PHP syntax is applicable only within PHP tags.

PHP can be embedded in HTML and placed anywhere in the document.

When PHP is embedded in HTML documents and PHP parses this document it interpreted the section enclosed with an opening tag () of PHP and ignore the rest parts of the document.

PHP and HTML are seen together in the following example.




 PHP Page


 


Practice here online :

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Next: PHP Variables

How do you end a PHP file?

As in C or Perl, PHP requires instructions to be terminated with a semicolon at the end of each statement. The closing tag of a block of PHP code automatically implies a semicolon; you do not need to have a semicolon terminating the last line of a PHP block.

How do I start a PHP script?

You just follow the steps to run PHP program using command line..
Open terminal or command line window..
Goto the specified folder or directory where php files are present..
Then we can run php code using the following command: php file_name.php..

What is the end statement of PHP?

The end() function moves the internal pointer to, and outputs, the last element in the array. Related methods: current() - returns the value of the current element in an array. next() - moves the internal pointer to, and outputs, the next element in the array.

How do I start PHP in HTML?

Step 1: Firstly, we have to type the Html code in any text editor or open the existing Html file in the text editor in which we want to use the PHP. Step 2: Now, we have to place the cursor in any tag of the tag where we want to add the code of PHP. And, then we have to type the start and end tag of PHP.